REDOX REACTIONS IN BIOTECHOLOGY

In short redox reactions involve the oxidation of one compound, while reducing another.
In the concept of biological oxidation associated with combustion and decomposition of organic compounds to release energy, and indeed it is. However, the oxidation of a chemical compound is always associated with a reduction in another, and the same redox reaction does not necessarily have to be associated with the distribution of complex to simple. However, always involves a change in the oxidation state of atoms or groups of atoms, or (chemical groups). The degree of oxidation depends on the number of free electrons in an atom or chemical group. The group that gives electrons is called the reductor, and the recipient - oxidant.

In many metabolic biochemical pathways redox reactions occur in parallel to the transmission of electrons and protons in different physical locations of the cells thus generating small differences in electrical potential. Such a difference in electrical potential stimulates an electrical voltage which is used as the driving force of many chemical reactions and physical changes (electricity has been the basis of action of nerve cells and the nervous system, which controls the operation of the entire body, stimulates the active transport across biological membranes is driven powerful driving action of the protein complex in the process of synthesizing ATP synthesis chemiosmotycznej (ATPase)).

Generation and use of electrical voltage in the cell and in various organelles can be applied to complex electrical device to ground components tethered to a motherboard that separates the direction and strength of the voltage, the voltage generator (electron donor and recipient) are chemical compounds, which may not be subunits performing a task (eg ATPase), controlling the execution of tasks (enzymes and co-enzymes), or regulating the transport of protons and electrons (NAD, FAD, etc.).