Since the two physicists received the 2009 Nobel Prize for the invention of graphene - allotropic form of carbon consisting of a single layer of atoms of the element - are carried out extensive work on finding uses for this amazing material. I recently managed to create with it a transistor , which had a clock, a trifle , 427 GHz .
Advances in conventional silicon processors recently rests mainly on miniaturization , and some believe that the limit of their capabilities , this technology has reached a little over 10 years, giving us no choice - we have to find something new . That something was to be graphene , however, has long been working on the researchers had one major problem - it does not have the so-called . band gap ( it separates the valence band from the conduction band ) .
In other words, the electron energy range in which the material changes from an insulator in a guide - a phenomenon just switching between the two states is the basis of operation of the transistor.
Until now, scientists have tried to create an artificial band gap in graphene , but they managed it. Now researchers from the University of California, Riverside working under the direction of Guanxiong Liu decided to use the phenomenon of so-called negative resistance - which roughly lies in the fact that the current is getting into the system creates a momentary voltage drop in its interior.
Using this phenomenon , the researchers were able to create with the help of a few graphene field effect transistors ( FETs ) classical logic gates . And as expected - graphene has a very significant advantage over silicon - using only three graphene transistors can be created XOR gate ( the need for the eight silicon transistors ) which can reduce the entire system , and to the graphene transistors reach speeds of up to 427 gigahertz .
It all adds up to a system that several orders of magnitude ahead of all current processors .
It seems that soon should be able to get around Moore's Law .
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